Ludwig van Beethoven: Violin Concerto in D, Op.61
[1] I. Allegro ma non troppo - 24:02
[2] II. Larghetto - 9:42
[3] III. Rondo (Allegro) - 10:24
Felix Mendelssohn: Violin Concerto in E minor, Op.64
[4] I. Allegro molto appassionato - 12:30
[5] II. Andante - 7:54
[6] III. Allegretto non troppo - Allegro molto vivace
EMI 5 666975 2 Mono. Digitally remastered in 1984/1999.
EMI Great Recordings of the Century CDM 5 66990-2
Two of the greatest and most popular of all violin concertos -
Beethoven's (1806) and Mendelssohn's (1844) - in performances by a
great musical partnership: Yehudi Menuhin and Wilhelm Furtwängler,
an artistic relationship that could only exist after the Second World
War, and after Furtwängler's clearance by a de-Nazification
tribunal in 1947.
Their first collaboration, in 1947, was a concert performance of the
Brahms Concerto, followed, a few weeks later, by a studio recording on
78s of the Beethoven Concerto. The advent of the long-playing record
was undoubtedly behind the decision in 1953 that they should re-record
the work.
The magnificent result - featuring the recently-founded Philharmonia
Orchestra and recorded in London's Kingsway Hall - can be heard here
coupled with an equally fine account of Mendelssohn's evergreen
Concerto, recorded in Berlin the previous year with the orchestra with
which Furtwängler had been so closely involved, the Berlin
Philharmonic.
For this reissue the recordings have been newly remastered at Abbey
Road Studios and the booklet contains an English essay by Alan Sanders,
which appears also in German, French and Spanish translation.
"...the definitive (Beethoven) ...Menuhin gives a magnificent performance"
Gramophone
Yehudi Menuhin and Wilhelm Furtwängler, born a generation apart
and separated by a world at war, were nonetheless musical and
philosophical soulmates. Their recording of the Beethoven Violin
Concerto, made seven years after they first met, is one of the
treasures of the EMI archive, a testament to a bygone era of
spontaneous and deeply subjective music-making. There is a nobility to
the reading that has never been equaled, an unforced passion that would
be difficult for any of today's musicians to duplicate. The monaural
recording is remarkably fine, with satisfying depth and abundant detail.
Ted Libbey, Amazon.com essential recording
This is another of the GROC series (Great Recordings of the Century)
from EMI. They were recorded in 1953 and 1952 respectively. EMI has
also issued Perlman and Giulini Beethoven in this series. To be honest,
I find the Menuhin/Fürtwangler combo infinity more "great". In
fact, I’ll say that I think this is one of the best of all time.
Whilst listening I thought about how Beethoven’s Violin Concerto
must have stunned audiences of his time. Already the "Eroica" had
caused a furor. The audiences of the time must have been taken aback
again, because there had been no violin concerto like this before. It
is one of the Beethoven works that stands one foot in the classical
world and one in the romantic. It is this Fürtwangler/Menuhin
recording that prompted these thoughts.
I must confess, to add to my final opinion of the Beethoven, that I was
prepared to not like the soloist and despair that we had
Fürtwangler saddled to Menuhin. My previous exposures to the
violinist revealed someone whose arm wasn’t as deep as I like.
There was poetry, but no muscle. I was wrong. Menuhin is poetic,
finding an almost pastoral quality to the slow movement, and romantic
and also deep and fiery where need be. I guess the word that most often
crossed my mind while listening to Menuhin was, arresting. I found
myself over and over catching my breath in ecstasy.
The Mendelssohn was another discovery. Until I listened to this
recording I generally found the music pleasant and pleasing but not
very deep. Menuhin and Fürtwangler, however, plumb depths I loved
hearing. In the very opening Menuhin finds a more nostalgic, almost
painful backwards glance to life. This is a much darker, romantic
Mendelssohn than I have previously heard. I have compared it with other
"great" interpretations, the most recent Vengerov. Like a lot of
others, he produces some spectacular gymnastics, but the whole thing
sounds like a lot of fluff. Just compare the two at around 8 minutes
into the first movement, where the solo violin begins to churn up the
musical waters. Suddenly the orchestra joins in and the tension gets
even more taut before the climax where they join as one. If you want
substance with your soup, the Menuhin and Fürtwangler recording is
what you need.
A couple afterthoughts. The notes say nothing about the pieces, and a
lot about the circumstances surrounding the recordings. For those who
have forgotten, Fürtwangler was shunned by many in the music world
for having stayed in Nazi Germany during the war. He had to be
"denazified" before allowed to conduct the Berlin Philharmonic again.
Menuhin, a Jew, made the effort to reach out to Fürtwangler and
help "rehabilitate" the conductor’s image. In addition, they
"shared the same philosophical and spiritual approach to making music."
(From Alan Sander’s notes) I think that you can hear the
symbiotic process going on here and also the gestalt that results.
It’s neat.
By the way, the sound is just great. There is air around the music and a depth to the sound stage. Neat stuff.
YEHUDI MENUHIN, Violinist, died on Friday, March 12, 1999. He was 82. May his music always live.
ANYONE who has knows where my CD-buying preferences lean to will know
that I have a very large proportion of so-called "historical"
recordings, usually taken before the stereo era and are thus in mono
sound. There's life beyond DDD recordings and sometimes, in listening
to some of these and reading a little, one can learn quite a bit about
events in the world at that time. Wilhelm Furtwängler was one of
the greatest conductors ever, possibly the greatest conductor on
record. As an artist and as a person Furtwängler was by far one of
the most charismatic, legendary - and controversial.
Before the second world war, the so-called pre-war period,
Furtwängler had established a career of considerable repute. His
flair for conducting showed especially in the works of Beethoven,
Wagner and Brahms. Ironically, his love for music was to bring himself
considerable suffering. The notorious Adolf Hitler, Führer of
Deutschland was also a great lover of the antisemetic Richard Wagner's
works, and he admired Furtwängler's conducting to no end. It has
been said that after one production of the opera Lohengrin, he went to
the unnamed conductor, telling him that the tenor had sung the wrong
words at a particular point.
Hitler's hope for Germany, a warped product of early eugenics and
misguided nationalism, was to create a pure "Aryan" society, by
systematically eliminating the Jewish population, deemed to be inferior
genetically. During the war, he found it necessary to bring out "Aryan"
talents to show that his ideas were worth pursuing. Born of pure
Germanic origin, and therefore of "Aryan" blood, Furtwängler was
therefore held up as a shining pillar of the great German conducting
tradition - the "Aryan" conducting tradition.
Furtwängler was given the chance to migrate out of Germany, rather
than to continue conducting and be part of the atrocities that were
occuring in his Vaterland. However he believed the truth in his music
and his conducting would vindicate him from such insinuations.
Furthermore, he also wanted to help Jewish musicans who were subject to
Hitler's caprices.
During the war, he conducted frequently, and was often broadcast over
the radio network of Germany. When the war ended, Furtwängler was
investigated for war crimes as he was considered one of the Nazis. He
was not allowed to perform in public and was kept away from his beloved
Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra, while he was "de-nazified". Wilhelm
Mengelberg, conductor of the Concertgebouw suffered a similar fate.
IT WAS NOT until the late 1940s that Menuhin, who had heard of
Furtwängler's enormous reputation, and was full of admiration for
him through recordings of various Beethoven and Brahms performances,
decided to investigate for himself the damaging insinuations. He found
no evidence of Furtwängler being a Nazi, and decided to
collaborate with him. Because of Menuhin's own reputation as a
humanist, Furtwängler was largely vindicated, even though many
anti-Furtwänglerians still believed the contrary. In 1951,
Furtwängler was again chosen to open the Bayreuth Festspielsaal,
an honour which the German society believed belonged only to an artist
of Furtwängler's stature. His besmirched reputation was once again
unsullied. The recording which I have stated above is a monument to the
collaboration of these two great humanists and great artists.
Though recorded in mono sound, these recordings feature brightly lit
sound, with the violin comfortably placed, and the orchestra
well-recorded. Walter Legge's Philharmonia Orchestra was purportedly
the best in the world at that time, featuring such players as Dennis
Brain in the horn section. Menuhin and Furtwängler clearly treated
the Beethoven as the great concerto that it is - the opening orchestral
introduction is wonderfully conducted - at a moderate pace. Gentle
rubato and thundering orchestral tuttis are the order of the day. When
the soloist comes in, the effect is the pure magic that it should be.
Menuhin is often impulsive, but Furtwängler proves a willing
collaborator in this impulsiveness and gives worthy accompaniment. The
second movement features a little faulty orchestra entry in the horns
somewhere in the middle.
The Adagio is one of beautiful stasis, made more wonderful by Menuhin's
playing, which had not yet faltered. The third movement is playful and
jolly, and everyone involved in this recording seems to have great fun
here. I often liken the finale to a merry chase between a butterfly
(the violin) and a cat (the orchestra). In this case the orchestra is a
big fat cat, agile nonetheless, yellow with white stripes. In the
orchestral tuttis it bounds after the violin's theme with great
pleasure. The violin teases continually, the cat always proves the
worthy pursuer. This is a chase, but a fun one, and the cat and the
butterfly are friends!
THE E-MINOR Mendelssohn, "the jewel in the heart of all the violin
concertos" (Joseph Joachim) is treated heavily and dramatically - an
alternative from the more "comfortable" readings. Taken very
romantically, with the timpani at the beginning sounding loud and
clear, soloist and conductor take the listener for a real ride - sample
the first movement, where there is a real sense of "settling" into the
work, rather than being at the surface all the time. Menuhin takes the
cadenza very well. His playing is fiery in both concertos, though not
lacking in poetry. The second movement is never badly played, and
Menuhin's sweet tone is shown off well here. The wonderful sparkling
third movement is a little of a disappointment, but only at the
beginning, where the slow tempo doesn't seem to work so well. But this
takes off too, and ends very satisfactorily. The
Menuhin/Furtwängler collaborations at live performances must have
been those that are only dreamt of nowadays, judging from these
recordings. To anyone who hasn't heard these works before, this will
prove a worthy first recording which you will return to. To everyone
who heard these works to death, get this CD for a taste of something
special.
This slice of history has a interesting turn - apparently during the
war Furtwängler was asked to conduct for the Nazi campaign, which
he rejected outright. This angered Hitler, who went searching for a
replacement Furtwängler. This eventually turned out to be Karajan,
who was in fact by records part of the movement. Goes to show that no
matter what, some things never change -- the sun will always rise from
the east, Windows 98 will continue to crash periodically and politics
when interfering with culture will remain blind - more or less.
by Derek Lim
Glorious!
So far, I've heard the Beethoven Violin Concerto recordings of
Heifetz/Toscanini, Milstein/Steinberg, Szeryng/Haitink, Heifetz/Munch,
Sziegeti/Walter and Jamie Laredo. While I personally think that the
Milstein is a remarkable asthetic jewel, the Menuhin/Furtwangler of the
Beethoven Violin Concerto, Op. 61, is an incredible achievement. Truly,
a monumental performance and collaboration. While Menuhin attacks and
stretches his amazing virtuosity, together with Furtwangler and the
Philarmonia Orchestra, they glorify Beethoven's concerto. And, their
Mendelssohn with the Berliner Philharmoniker is equally beautiful.
A music fan from New York City, September 10, 1999